Knowledge and Skills Development for Implementing the Industry 5.0 Concept

Abstract

The dehumanisation of the industry due to focusing only on the implementation of Industry 4.0 technologies has resulted in numerous concerns among workers, governments and societies regarding new working conditions and the role of humans in industry and the economy. Hence, the European Commission proposed the new concept of Industry 5.0. Industry 5.0 complements and extends the characteristic features of Industry 4.0. It highlights aspects that will be decisive factors in industry placement in future European society. Numerous scientific studies indicate the need to take into account, in the assumptions of the future industry's development, the crucial role of human beings. The humanisation of the technological Industry 4.0 environment was one of the first factors in the evolution of Industry 4.0 towards the Industry 5.0 concept. The new approach in the fourth industrial revolution focuses on the interaction between humans and intelligent machines. The fifth industrial revolution will continue the push for more advanced human-machine interfaces using artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms. It will mean better integration, enabling faster, better automation combined with the power of human brains, but it will also mean changing the demands placed on managers and engineers. Hence, the article aims to identify the critical knowledge and skills of engineers responsible for implementing the Industry 5.0 concept. The presented achievements and results in the article are from surveys conducted among experts representing companies with experience in implementing Industry 4.0 technologies and with a high level of knowledge and engineering and managerial competencies. The research results presented in the paper are dedicated to researchers and practitioners implementing the Industry 5.0 concept in smart organisations (smart factories).