Knowledge Management Practices in Hospital Management: An Integrative Review

Abstract

This research seeks to identify the state of the art regarding knowledge management practices that have been applied in hospitals with a specific focus on how these practices improve organizational effectiveness, innovation, and performance. Using an integrative review methodology that includes problem identification, strategic literature search, rigorous data evaluation, thematic analysis, and synthetic presentation of results, the research encompassed 19 relevant studies extracted from the Scopus, EBSCOhost, and Scielo platforms. The results demonstrate a predominant use of information technologies, reinforcement of organizational culture, and strengthening of trust and organizational learning. Remarkably, leadership emerged as a critical factor, not only for facilitating the implementation of knowledge management practices but also for actively involving employees in achieving organizational goals. There is also clear demand for substantial increases in investments in training and collaboration technologies to maximize the potential for knowledge creation, retention, and sharing in hospitals.