A Literature Review on AI for Lifelong Learning: Tools, Benefits, and Opportunities

Abstract

Lifelong learning plays a crucial role in both personal development and societal advancement. By continually enhancing their skills, individuals can better adapt to change and contribute to progress. In this regard, artificial intelligence (AI) supports lifelong learning by enabling personalised learning experiences, increasing accessibility, and fostering continuous education. This study examines existing research on AI’s role in supporting lifelong learning, with a focus on personalised education, skill development, and the reduction of learning gaps across educational stages. A systematic literature review was carried out following the guidelines established to examine the evolving contributions of AI to the development and support of lifelong learning practices. This study follows the standards outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Articles relevant to the study’s objectives were identified through a systematic search of the Scopus database, limited to English-language publications in the field of social sciences over the past ten years. The search strategy employed the following string: (“Artificial Intelligence” OR “AI”) AND (“Lifelong learning” OR “continu* education”) AND (“personali* learning” OR “skill* development”). This process yielded a total of 14 selected studies, from which three themes were identified through thematic analysis: 1) perspectives shaping AI in lifelong learning, 2) benefits of AI tools in education, and 3) AI’s potential for optimising and transforming learning. Findings show that diverse perspectives, along with social and cultural factors, shape the design and effectiveness of AI in lifelong learning. Various AI tools, such as adaptive learning platforms, provide personalised content and immediate feedback, enabling learners to progress at their own pace and promote skill acquisition. These tools offer clear benefits: they foster personalised learning experiences that go beyond mere productivity gains to truly enhance learners’ capabilities. Personalised education models also optimise resource allocation by tailoring content to individual needs, improving outcomes in higher education settings. Looking forward, AI presents significant opportunities to transform education through tailored learning and teacher support. AI must balance technology with human interaction to foster critical thinking, creativity, and problem-solving essential to lifelong learning.