The Future of Authentication: Not as Simple as Providing a Secure Solution

Abstract

In recent years, the number of online and digital accounts have grown, with the average user needing over 100 passwords. With so many passwords, users often struggle, and therefore, there are many password authentication alternatives on the market, including password managers, biometrics, passkeys, and multifactor authentication (MFA) to add security to passwords. All of these solutions have their pros and cons, and if the user manages them well, they are a secure means to authenticate without relying on multiple passwords and the issues that passwords bring to authentication. For several years, the technology and cybersecurity industries have been calling for the death of passwords, and yet they are still among us. Previous research has identified reasons why password alternatives and solutions are not widely accepted by users. These include users’ trust, new technology usage and acceptance, perceptions of privacy, financial cost, and misguided security perceptions. With the introduction of newer and more convenient technologies such as passkeys, it is hoped that passwords will finally die. However, from initial interviews, those working in the technology and cybersecurity industries are reporting resistance from users. This study aims to examine users’ perceptions of authentication methods, and their intentions for improving the security of their digital lives in the future. A mixed-method approach will conduct questionnaires, measuring user perceptions and attitudes towards authentication methods, their motivations for securing their own and organizational digital services, as well as demographic data that could indicate any interaction effect. Furthermore, interviews will be conducted to delve deeper into participants’ responses. The results will shed light on factors that are influencing the uptake of secure authentication solutions, and will have several implications establishing a comprehensive view of different user factors that influence authentication decision-making that could ultimately shape the future of the authentication solution industry.