Knowledge-Based HRM: A Systematic Literature Review and Research Agenda

Abstract

This study aims to conduct a systematic literature review on Knowledge-Based HRM (KBHRM) by exploring the development of research, implementation, key variables related to antecedents, mediation, moderation, and outcomes, as well as providing directions for future research. The review follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The data analyzed are sourced from Scopus and Google Scholar databases. The findings indicate that empirical research on KBHRM began to develop in 2009, focusing on strategic human resource management. However, subsequent developments have been more influenced by studies in knowledge management. The most common KBHRM implementations include knowledge-based recruitment and selection, training and development, knowledge-based compensation, and performance appraisal. Further analysis reveals that none of the articles reviewed specifically addressed the determinants of KBHRM. However, there is evidence that KBHRM implementation positively impacts both individual and organizational levels. Regarding methodology, most existing studies use surveys as the primary approach, with a scarcity of alternative methods. Additionally, we identify that most KBHRM-related research adopts a single-level approach at the organizational level, while research at the individual level or using perceived approaches is still rare. There is also debate regarding conceptualizing KBHRM as a unidimensional or multidimensional construct. In the final section, this study provides directions for future research, including recommendations related to antecedents, research methods, levels of analysis, and new approaches to develop the KBHRM concept further.