Gamification in Volunteer Feedback: Do Digital Rewards Really Work?

Abstract

This study examines the impact of achievement badges on volunteer engagement and response quality in online
surveys conducted by non-profit organizations. While gamification is often proposed to increase participation, its
effectiveness in intrinsically motivated populations remains unclear. Using a custom-built survey platform, 57 Swedish
volunteers were randomly assigned to either a gamified survey featuring badges or a non-gamified control version.
Behavioral data, including time spent, word counts, badge interactions, and completion rates were recorded, alongside openended
reflections. Results showed no statistically significant difference between conditions. Participants in the gamified
group completed surveys faster but provided shorter written responses and showed minimal interaction with the badge
system. PCA analysis and qualitative feedback reinforced the finding that badges did not meaningfully alter behavior or
improve user experience. These outcomes suggest that in settings where intrinsic motivation is already high, such as nonprofit
volunteering, superficial gamification elements like badges may offer limited benefit. Instead, aligning survey design
with volunteers’ intrinsic values, such as purpose, autonomy, and impact, may be more effective. This research contributes
to gamification literature by emphasizing the limitations of single-element strategies and calling for more nuanced, contextsensitive
approaches in digital feedback systems.