Challenges of Simulations and Serious Games Embedded in Emergency Preparedness Platforms and Ecosystems for Educational Use

Abstract

Simulations and serious games (SSGs) are promising for use in emergency preparedness training, but the challenges of developing them are fundamentally different from those faced in educational use. This paper clarifies this difference by examining an ecosystem including four technology platforms that incorporate SSGs for emergency preparedness (EP) at universities. The paper identifies challenges for SSGs included in platforms and at the ecosystem level, as well as educational challenges, through a multiple-case study involving three engineering courses. We demonstrate how parts of the ecosystem can be integrated into education through collaboration with teachers, the identification of specific observation points aligned with curricular entry points, and the use of selected platform elements. Based on this study, we outline a conceptual framework that shows how design, development, and educational use of SSGs are distinct activities that require different skills for successful use. The results illustrate how the SSGs' technical, systemic, and platform-specific requirements should align with the EP needs outlined by the ecosystem’s structure. Future research should explore how this approach can be validated and used in other educational settings.