Integrating AI-Generated 3D/360° Content into VR-Based Secondary Education

Abstract

This paper presents a pedagogical framework for integrating AI-generated educational content into Virtual Reality (VR)-based teaching within SmartLab-supported secondary education. The framework addresses the limited classroom adoption of AI and immersive technologies by combining AI-assisted content generation, VR integration, interdisciplinary SmartLab activities, and evaluation of learning outcomes into a structured teacher-centred workflow. The framework was implemented during the second semester of the 2025–2026 academic year in a Romanian technological high school, involving 702 secondary school students and 35 master's students who collaboratively designed and delivered 11 interdisciplinary SmartLab lessons. The evaluation combined classroom observations, Kahoot assessments, discussions, and an anonymous questionnaire completed by 550 students. The results indicate increased student engagement, motivation, interdisciplinary understanding, and positive perceptions of AI-assisted immersive learning. The study demonstrates that integrating AI-generated educational resources with VR technologies enhances classroom interaction while supporting the preparation of future teachers through interdisciplinary practice. The proposed framework provides a scalable model for the digital transformation of secondary education and can be adapted to different educational contexts.